Opinion
Docket No. 96205.
Decided May 4, 1988.
Barry F. LaKritz, for plaintiff.
Samuel A. Turner, Corporation Counsel, and James W. Quigly, Assistant Corporation Counsel, for defendant.
Plaintiff appeals as of right from an order of summary disposition in favor of defendant. We affirm.
Plaintiff brought this action in Wayne Circuit Court to recover for injuries allegedly sustained when he slipped and fell on stairs in the "Old County Building" owned and maintained by the defendant. At his deposition, plaintiff testified that the defect which caused him to fall was dust on the stairs. He testified that he had discovered the dust when he went back to investigate the stairs after he reported the fall. The trial court granted defendant's motion for summary disposition, finding that the expected testimony could not establish a defect under the public building exception to governmental immunity as a matter of law.
Governmental agencies engaged in the exercise or discharge of a governmental function are granted broad immunity from tort liability. MCL 691.1407; MSA 3.996(107). Under the "public building" exception to governmental immunity, the agency may be liable for injury resulting from a dangerous or defective condition of a "public building." MCL 691.1406; MSA 3.996(106); Tilford v Wayne Co General Hospital, 403 Mich. 293; 269 N.W.2d 153 (1978).
The elements of proof under this exception are: (1) a defect; (2) actual or constructive knowledge of the defect; and (3) failure to act on the part of the responsible agency. MCL 691.1406; MSA 3.996(106), Mosqueda v Macomb Co Youth Home, 132 Mich. App. 462, 469-470; 349 N.W.2d 185 (1984).
The trial court properly granted summary disposition because there was no issue of material fact as to the existence of a defect under MCR 2.116(C)(10). It is true, as plaintiff argues, that a trial court must be careful in deciding a motion under this court rule to avoid making findings of fact and to be liberal in finding that issues remain. Jubenville v West End Cartage, Inc, 163 Mich. App. 199, 203; 413 N.W.2d 705 (1987). However, plaintiff could not rest upon the mere allegations of his pleading but had to "set forth specific facts showing that there is a genuine issue for trial." MCR 2.116(G)(4), Jubenville, supra. Plaintiff's failure to come forward with facts supporting his claim of a defect leave his allegations as sheer speculation and conjecture and therefore ripe for summary disposition. McCune v Meijer, Inc, 156 Mich. App. 561, 563; 402 N.W.2d 6 (1986).
Plaintiff further argues that it was error to grant summary disposition before discovery had closed. Summary disposition would be premature where discovery on a disputed issue is incomplete. However, plaintiff has not demonstrated that he stood a fair chance of uncovering support for his position if the discovery time had been allowed to run. Huff v Ford Motor Co, 127 Mich. App. 287; 338 N.W.2d 387 (1983).
Affirmed.