Opinion
January 19, 1999.
Appeal from the Supreme Court, New York County (Harold Tompkins, J.).
None of defendant's claims concerning the court's closure of the courtroom during the undercover officer's testimony warrant reversal. The People adduced sufficient proof to warrant exclusion of the general public, including a sufficient showing that the precise location of defendant's arrest was targeted for future operations likely to involve the officer ( People v. Armond, 251 A.D.2d 80, lv denied 92 N.Y.2d 893). Since the general public was properly excluded, the niece of one of defendant's attorneys was likewise properly excluded. We reject defendant's claim that his family was improperly excluded. At the time of the Hinton hearing, the court was not apprised by defendant, and had no other reason to know, that defendant's family wished to attend the trial, and thus the court had no occasion to rule on whether any family members posed a threat to the officer ( see, People v. Collins, 254 A.D.2d 154), and defendant did not seek to reopen the Hinton hearing when family members subsequently appeared in court. The record fails to support defendant's claim that the family was still excluded during the second day of the officer's testimony, after the issue of their attendance was finally brought to the court's attention.
The court's Sandoval ruling was a proper exercise of discretion ( see, People v. Walker, 83 N.Y.2d 455, 459). The convictions in question were highly relevant to credibility and not temporally remote.
The challenged aspects of the court's conduct did not deprive defendant of a fair trial. Most of the challenged conduct occurred outside the Presence of the jury, and the court's instructions prevented any possible prejudice resulting from the remainder ( see, People v. Gonzalez, 38 N.Y.2d 208).
We find the sentence excessive to the extent indicated.
We have considered and rejected defendant's remaining arguments.
Concur — Sullivan, J.P., Lerner, Rubin and Tom, JJ.