Summary
In People v. Pichardo (168 A.D.2d 577 [2d Dept. 1990]), for example, the defendant claimed that the trial court had conducted material portions of the trial in his absence, and relied for his claim on the fact that the court clerk had failed on some occasions to record the defendant's presence in the courtroom.
Summary of this case from People v. TorresOpinion
December 17, 1990
Appeal from the Supreme Court, Kings County (Aiello, J.).
Ordered that the judgment is affirmed.
After witnessing his nephew's involvement in a heated argument, the defendant departed the scene of the dispute, but then returned with a weapon and shot two of the men with whom his nephew had argued. One of the men subsequently died. Although at trial the defendant took the stand and denied involvement in the shootings, the jury convicted him, among other things, of murder in the second degree.
On appeal, the defendant contends, inter alia, that the trial court "conducted material portions of [his] trial in his absence". We disagree. A presumption of regularity attaches to official court proceedings, which imposes upon a defendant the burden of coming forward with substantial evidence to rebut that presumption (see, e.g., People v. Richetti, 302 N.Y. 290; People v. Davis, 151 A.D.2d 596, 597; People v. Marchese, 140 A.D.2d 547). Although during trial, the court clerk did not, on certain occasions, ministerially record that the defendant was present in the courtroom, the defendant offers no additional evidence supporting his conclusory assertion that he was absent on the days in question and has thereby failed to rebut the presumption of regularity which attached to the proceedings (see, e.g., People v. Butchino, 152 A.D.2d 854, 856; People v. Davis, supra).
The record belies the defendant's contention that he was entitled to a justification charge. It is well settled that a court need not charge the defense of justification if no reasonable view of the evidence establishes the elements of the defense (see, People v. Reynoso, 73 N.Y.2d 816, 818; People v. Watts, 57 N.Y.2d 299; People v. Stamen, 163 A.D.2d 499; People v. Russell, 161 A.D.2d 815; People v. Douglas, 160 A.D.2d 1015). Examining the record in a light most favorable to the defendant, we conclude that there was no evidence which would support a finding that the defendant was faced with the imminent use of deadly physical force (see, Penal Law § 35.15 [a]). Indeed, it was the defendant's position at trial that he was not involved in the shootings at all, and there was no additional evidence adduced which might otherwise support the submission of a justification charge to the jury (see, People v. Reynoso, supra; People v. Pizarro, 154 A.D.2d 409, 410).
We have reviewed the defendant's remaining contentions and find them to be without merit. Lawrence, J.P., Kooper, Sullivan and Rosenblatt, JJ., concur.