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finding insufficient attenuation between an illegal arrest and a statement where there were no significant intervening events despite the passage of several hours between the arrest and the statement and despite the fact that Miranda warnings had been issued
Summary of this case from People v. HeOpinion
November 16, 1998
Appeal from the Supreme Court, Kings County (Feldman, J.).
Ordered that the judgment is reversed, on the law, that branch of the defendant's omnibus motion which was to suppress a videotaped statement made by him to law enforcement authorities is granted, and a new trial is ordered.
The hearing court erred in concluding that the defendant's videotaped statement was sufficiently attenuated from the taint of his prior illegal arrest ( see, People v. Harris, 77 N.Y.2d 434; People v. Bethea, 67 N.Y.2d 364; see also, Brown v. Illinois, 422 U.S. 590; Wong Sun v. United States, 371 U.S. 471; cf., People v. Conyers, 68 N.Y.2d 982). In finding attenuation, the hearing court relied in large part upon testimony introduced during the separate suppression hearings of two codefendants, over which the court also presided. However, no evidence was presented by the People at the defendant's suppression hearing with respect to that testimony. Accordingly, the court erred in relying upon facts developed in separate hearings to buttress its conclusion with respect to attenuation ( see, People v. Victor, 74 N.Y.2d 874, 876),
Moreover, none of the remaining factors considered by the court supports the conclusion that the videotaped statement was properly attenuated from the illegal police conduct. The mere fact the several hours elapsed is inconclusive ( see, People v. Harris, supra, at 441), as is the assertion that Miranda warnings had been issued prior to the taking of the videotaped statement ( see, Wong Sun v. United States, supra; Brown v. Illinois, supra; People v. Conyers, supra). The record further indicates that there were no significant intervening events which could be viewed as sufficiently attenuating the videotaped statement from the prior taint of impropriety ( see, People v. Conyers, supra; People v. Anderson, 178 A.D.2d 605; People v. Robertson, 133 A.D.2d 355; cf., People v. Gordon, 87 A.D.2d 636). Under the circumstances presented, there was insufficient attenuation to warrant admission of the defendant's videotaped statement.
The trial court admitted into evidence a redacted statement made by nontestifying codefendant Frank Plumey. We hold that the manner in which the court redacted the statement unfairly prejudiced the defendant ( cf., People v. Mahboubian, 74 N.Y.2d 174). Plumey's unredacted statement contained a description of the assault in which Plumey asserted that "everybody" at the scene, except for himself, the defendant, and a third man, continued to strike the victim after a gun was forcibly taken away from the victim. However, in the redacted version of the statement, a copy of the transcript of which the jury requested during its deliberations, the defendant's name was edited out, and Plumey's statements to the effect that "everybody" present was striking the victim, were left intact. We agree with the defendant that the redacted version of the statement could be construed as including him among those who remained and then assaulted the victim after he had been disarmed — an inculpatory inference directly conflicting with the defendant's position at trial that he only acted to disarm the victim and never struck him once that was accomplished.
The defendant's remaining, contentions are without merit.
Thompson, J. P., Krausman, Goldstein and Luciano, JJ., concur.