Opinion
No. 06-7062.
April 16, 2007.
David Lee Hilliard, Holdenville, OK, pro se.
Darrell L. Moore, Julia L. Neftzger, Pryor, OK, for Defendants-Appellees.
Before HENRY, TYMKOVICH, and HOLMES, Circuit Judges.
After examining the briefs and the appellate record, this three-judge panel has determined unanimously that oral argument would not be of material assistance in the determination of this appeal. See Fed.R.App.P. 34(a); 10th Cir. R. 34.1(G). The cause is therefore ordered submitted without oral argument.
ORDER AND JUDGMENT
This order and judgment is not binding precedent except under the doctrines of law of the case, res judicata and collateral estoppel. It may be cited, however, for its persuasive value consistent with Fed.R.App.P. 32.1 and 10th Cir. R. 32.1.
David L. Hilliard, an Oklahoma state prisoner, proceeding pro se, appeals the district court's dismissal of his claim against several prison officials for failure to provide adequate medical care. The district court dismissed Hilliard's complaint because Hilliard failed to demonstrate exhaustion of his administrative remedies as to all claims. To support the requirement that a prisoner's complaint must demonstrate total administrative exhaustion, the district court relied on Steele v. Fed. Bureau of Prisons, 355 F.3d 1204, 1209-10 (10th Cir. 2003) (holding prisoners have the burden of pleading exhaustion) and Ross v. County of Bernalillo, 365 F.3d 1181, 1189 (10th Cir. 2004) (holding prisoner must exhaust remedies on all claims presented).
In Freeman v. Watkins, 479 F.3d 1257 (10th Cir. 2007), however, we recently recognized that the Supreme Court's decision in Jones v. Bock, ___ U.S. ___, 127 S.Ct. 910, 166 L.Ed.2d 798 (2007), overruled both Steele and Ross. Accordingly, Hilliard need not show in his complaint that he has administratively exhausted his claims. See Jones, 127 S.Ct. at 921. Rather, the defendants may raise failure to exhaust as an affirmative defense. See id. Furthermore, Hilliard may proceed on his exhausted claims even if he has not exhausted others. See id. at 923-26.
The district court also determined Hilliard's action was frivolous and should be dismissed under 28 U.S.C. § 1915(e) (providing that when a court has authorized an action to proceed in forma pauperis, the court shall dismiss the case if it thereafter determines the action is frivolous). Because the court devoted the substance of its order to discussing our now-superceded precedent requiring an inmate to adequately plead exhaustion, we will treat the court's finding of frivolousness as based on that precedent and not as an independent ground for dismissal.
In light of the foregoing discussion, we VACATE the district court's decision and REMAND for further proceedings in accordance with Jones v. Bock. We remind Hilliard of his obligation, under the district court's order granting leave to proceed in forma pauperis, to continue making partial payments on the filing fee until the entire fee has been paid.