Summary
In Cresco Realty Co. v. Clark (supra) this court said: "The right to maintain the suit depends on such election being seasonably made. Until it is made, nothing is due but the interest, and therefore a tender of the interest is in time and must be accepted.
Summary of this case from 446 W. 44th St., Inc., v. Riverland Holding Corp.Opinion
October 16, 1908.
John M. O'Neill [ Charles C. Suffren with him on the brief], for the appellant.
Hedley V. Cooke, for the respondent.
The appeal is on the judgment roll only. Although the assignment was absolute on its face, it was in fact only as collateral security for a debt of $6,000. If it were an absolute assignment, the election to treat the principal as due on the default to pay interest, as the terms of the bond and mortgage permitted (and also the suit to foreclose) would of course have to be by the assignee, but being an assignment only pro tanto, the assignor and the assignee were in equity joint owners of the bond and mortgage, and the election could not be made by the assignor alone; the assignee had to join with him ( Shaw v. Wellman, 59 Hun, 447). There is a finding in the regular findings that the plaintiff elected, and that the receivers of the assignee "assented thereto", viz., assented to the plaintiff's election. Possibly an attempt might be made to spell an election by the receivers out of this, except for the broad, explicit and inconsistent finding of fact made at the appellant's request, that at no time did the assignee or its receivers elect to deem the principal due for failure to pay the interest. There is, it is true, a finding that the receivers appeared at the trial and consented to the taking of the judgment prayed for in the complaint, although they did not answer. But this cannot supply the lack of an election, for there was a tender here before suit brought; if indeed, it could in the absence of such a tender. The election to deem the principal due is an affirmative thing and has to be made in some way. It may be made before the suit is brought, or by the bringing of the suit itself, i.e., in the complaint ( Hothorn v. Louis, 52 App. Div. 218; 170 N.Y. 576; Pizer v. Herzig, 120 App. Div. 102; Cole v. Hinck, Id. 355). The right to maintain the suit depends on such election being seasonably made. Until it is made, nothing is due but the interest, and therefore a tender of the interest is in time and must be accepted. The answer pleads a tender of the interest to the assignee, and there is a finding of fact, made at the appellant's request, that before the action was begun against him he "duly tendered" to the receivers the amount of the interest due. No election having been made by the assignee or its receivers, the tender was good and barred their right thereafter to elect that the principal become due for non-payment of interest. The lien of the mortgage for the amount of such interest was discharged by such tender and refusal, and to be available as a defence against foreclosure the tender did not have to be kept good by payment into court ( Kortright v. Cady, 21 N.Y. 343; Cass v. Higenbotam, 100 id. 248; Breunich v. Weselman, Id. 609).
The judgment should be reversed.
WOODWARD, JENKS, HOOKER and RICH, JJ., concurred.
Judgment of the County Court of Kings county reversed and new trial ordered, costs to abide the event.